{"id":265,"date":"2026-02-02T15:41:00","date_gmt":"2026-02-02T07:41:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/47.100.165.17\/wordpress\/?p=265"},"modified":"2026-02-02T15:41:00","modified_gmt":"2026-02-02T07:41:00","slug":"%e3%80%90linux%e3%80%91shell%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b%e4%bb%8e%e5%85%a5%e9%97%a8%e5%88%b0%e5%ae%9e%e8%b7%b5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yunyanglib.cn\/?p=265","title":{"rendered":"\u3010Linux\u3011Shell\u7f16\u7a0b\u4ece\u5165\u95e8\u5230\u5b9e\u8df5"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u4e00\u3001Shell\u811a\u672c\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1.1 \u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2aShell\u811a\u672c\u5f00\u53d1\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
#!\/bin\/bash  # \u6307\u5b9a\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u8def\u5f84\necho \"Hello World\"  # \u8f93\u51fa\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • \u6267\u884c\u6b65\u9aa4<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    1. \u7f16\u5199\u811a\u672c\uff1a\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3aecho.sh<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
    2. \u8d4b\u4e88\u6743\u9650\uff1achmod +x echo.sh<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
    3. \u8fd0\u884c\u811a\u672c\uff1a.\/echo.sh<\/code> \u6216 sh echo.sh<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
      1.2 echo\u547d\u4ee4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7528\u6cd5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      \u529f\u80fd\u573a\u666f<\/td>\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801<\/td>\u8bf4\u660e<\/td><\/tr>
      \u666e\u901a\u8f93\u51fa<\/td>echo \"Hello Shell\"<\/code><\/td>\u76f4\u63a5\u8f93\u51fa\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/td><\/tr>
      \u6362\u884c\u8f93\u51fa<\/td>echo -e \"Line1\\nLine2\"<\/code><\/td>-e<\/code>\u5f00\u542f\u8f6c\u4e49\uff0c\u652f\u6301\\n<\/code>\u6362\u884c<\/td><\/tr>
      \u547d\u4ee4\u7ed3\u679c\u8f93\u51fa<\/td>echo $(date)<\/code><\/td>\u8f93\u51fa\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\uff08\u63a8\u8350\u5199\u6cd5\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
      \u989c\u8272\u8f93\u51fa<\/td>echo \"\\033[31m\u7ea2\u8272\u6587\u672c\\033[0m\"<\/code><\/td>31=\u7ea2\u8272\uff0c0m\u6062\u590d\u9ed8\u8ba4\u989c\u8272<\/td><\/tr>
      \u6587\u4ef6\u8986\u76d6<\/td>echo \"\u5185\u5bb9\" > file.txt<\/code><\/td>\u8986\u76d6\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6<\/td><\/tr>
      \u6587\u4ef6\u8ffd\u52a0<\/td>echo \"\u5185\u5bb9\" >> file.txt<\/code><\/td>\u8ffd\u52a0\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
      \u4e8c\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0e\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u673a\u5236<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      2.1 \u53d8\u91cf\u64cd\u4f5c\u6838\u5fc3\u8bed\u6cd5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      name=\"Alice\"          # \u5b9a\u4e49\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u53d8\u91cf\nage=18                # \u5b9a\u4e49\u6570\u503c\u53d8\u91cf\nnow=$(date +%F)       # \u547d\u4ee4\u7ed3\u679c\u8d4b\u503c\uff08\u63a8\u8350\u5199\u6cd5\uff09\necho \"\u59d3\u540d\uff1a$name\uff0c\u5e74\u9f84\uff1a$age\uff0c\u65e5\u671f\uff1a$now\"  # \u53d8\u91cf\u5f15\u7528\necho $?               # \u67e5\u770b\u4e0a\u4e00\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u72b6\u6001\uff080=\u6210\u529f\uff09<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      2.2 \u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u4e0e\u8f93\u5165\u5904\u7406<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      #!\/bin\/bash\necho \"\u811a\u672c\u540d\uff1a$0\"        # \u8f93\u51fa\u811a\u672c\u540d\u79f0\necho \"\u53c2\u6570\u4e2a\u6570\uff1a$#\"      # \u8f93\u51fa\u53c2\u6570\u6570\u91cf\necho \"\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff1a$1\"    # \u8f93\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\necho \"\u6240\u6709\u53c2\u6570\uff1a$*\"      # \u8f93\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u53c2\u6570\n\n# \u952e\u76d8\u8f93\u5165\u793a\u4f8b\nread -p \"\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u59d3\u540d\uff1a\" user_name\necho \"\u4f60\u597d\uff0c$user_name\uff01\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u4e09\u3001\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u4e0e\u6761\u4ef6\u5224\u65ad<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      3.1 \u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff08\u6574\u6570\u8fd0\u7b97\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/td>\u793a\u4f8b<\/td>\u8bf4\u660e<\/td><\/tr>
      +<\/code><\/td>$((a+b))<\/code><\/td>\u52a0\u6cd5<\/td><\/tr>
      -<\/code><\/td>$((a-b))<\/code><\/td>\u51cf\u6cd5<\/td><\/tr>
      *<\/code><\/td>$((a*b))<\/code><\/td>\u4e58\u6cd5<\/td><\/tr>
      \/<\/code><\/td>$((a\/b))<\/code><\/td>\u9664\u6cd5\uff08\u53d6\u6574\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
      %<\/code><\/td>$((a%b))<\/code><\/td>\u53d6\u4f59<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
      3.2 \u5173\u7cfb\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff08\u6570\u503c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/td>\u8bf4\u660e<\/td>\u793a\u4f8b<\/td><\/tr>
      -eq<\/code><\/td>\u7b49\u4e8e<\/td>[ $a -eq $b ]<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
      -ne<\/code><\/td>\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e<\/td>[ $a -ne $b ]<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
      -gt<\/code><\/td>\u5927\u4e8e<\/td>[ $a -gt $b ]<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
      -lt<\/code><\/td>\u5c0f\u4e8e<\/td>[ $a -lt $b ]<\/code><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
      \u6761\u4ef6\u5224\u65ad\u793a\u4f8b<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      a=5; b=3\nif [ $a -eq $b ]; then\n    echo \"\u76f8\u7b49\"\nelse\n    echo \"\u4e0d\u7b49\"  # \u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a\u4e0d\u7b49\nfi<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      3.3 \u6587\u4ef6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      dir=\"\/data\/logs\"\nfile=\"\/etc\/hosts\"\n\nif [ -d \"$dir\" ]; then    # \u5224\u65ad\u76ee\u5f55\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\n    echo \"\u76ee\u5f55\u5b58\u5728\"\nfi\n\nif [ -f \"$file\" ]; then   # \u5224\u65ad\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\n    echo \"\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\"\nfi<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u56db\u3001\u6d41\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u4e0e\u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u6784<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      4.1 \u6761\u4ef6\u5224\u65ad\u7ed3\u6784<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      if-else\u7ed3\u6784<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      score=85\nif [ $score -ge 90 ]; then\n    echo \"\u4f18\u79c0\"\nelif [ $score -ge 80 ]; then\n    echo \"\u826f\u597d\"\nelse\n    echo \"\u53ca\u683c\"\nfi<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      case\u7ed3\u6784<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      action=\"start\"\ncase $action in\n    \"start\")\n        echo \"\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\"\n        ;;\n    \"stop\")\n        echo \"\u505c\u6b62\u670d\u52a1\"\n        ;;\n    *)\n        echo \"\u672a\u77e5\u64cd\u4f5c\"\n        ;;\nesac<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      4.2 \u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u6784<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      for\u5faa\u73af\uff08\u6570\u503c\u904d\u5386\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      # \u904d\u5386\u4e0d\u8fde\u7eed\u6570\u503c\nfor i in 1 3 5 7; do\n    echo $i\ndone\n\n# \u904d\u5386\u8fde\u7eed\u6570\u503c\uff081-100\uff09\nfor i in $(seq 100); do\n    echo $i\ndone<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      while\u5faa\u73af\uff08\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u5904\u7406\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      while read line; do\n    echo \"\u884c\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a$line\"\ndone < file.txt  # \u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u5185\u5bb9\u9010\u884c\u5904\u7406<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u4e94\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u4e0e\u4ee3\u7801\u590d\u7528<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      5.1 \u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0e\u8c03\u7528<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      # \u5e26\u53c2\u6570\u51fd\u6570\nfunction calculate() {\n    local a=$1; local b=$2\n    local sum=$((a+b))\n    echo \"\u548c\u4e3a\uff1a$sum\"  # \u901a\u8fc7echo\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\n}\n\n# \u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\nresult=$(calculate 5 3)\necho $result  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a\u548c\u4e3a\uff1a8<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      5.2 \u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      function check_status() {\n    if [ -f \"data.txt\" ]; then\n        return 0  # \u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de0\n    else\n        return 1  # \u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de\u975e0\n    fi\n}\n\ncheck_status\necho \"\u72b6\u6001\u7801\uff1a$?\"  # \u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u72b6\u6001<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u516d\u3001\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u6280\u672f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      \u7c7b\u578b<\/td>\u793a\u4f8b\u547d\u4ee4<\/td>\u8bf4\u660e<\/td><\/tr>
      \u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165<\/td>read var < input.txt<\/code><\/td>\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u8f93\u5165\u5230\u53d8\u91cf<\/td><\/tr>
      \u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa<\/td>ls > output.log<\/code><\/td>\u8986\u76d6\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6<\/td><\/tr>
      \u8ffd\u52a0\u8f93\u51fa<\/td>echo \"info\" >> log.txt<\/code><\/td>\u8ffd\u52a0\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6<\/td><\/tr>
      \u9519\u8bef\u8f93\u51fa<\/td>command 2> error.log<\/code><\/td>\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u5355\u72ec\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6<\/td><\/tr>
      \u6df7\u5408\u8f93\u51fa<\/td>command &> all.log<\/code><\/td>\u6240\u6709\u8f93\u51fa\u5199\u5165\u540c\u4e00\u6587\u4ef6<\/td><\/tr>
      \u9759\u9ed8\u6267\u884c<\/td>command >\/dev\/null 2>&1<\/code><\/td>\u4e22\u5f03\u6240\u6709\u8f93\u51fa\uff08\u9ed1\u6d1e\u673a\u5236\uff09<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
      \u4e03\u3001Chat GPT\u8f85\u52a9Shell\u811a\u672c\u5f00\u53d1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      7.1 \u667a\u80fd\u751f\u6210\u811a\u672c\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      \u9700\u6c42<\/strong>\uff1a\u7f16\u5199\u53c2\u6570\u6821\u9a8c\u7684\u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97\u811a\u672c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      #!\/bin\/bash\n# \u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\uff1aChat GPT\nif [ $# -ne 2 ]; then\n    echo \"\u8bf7\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u53c2\u6570\" >&2\n    exit 1\nfi\n\nif ! [[ $1 =~ ^[0-9]+$ && $2 =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]]; then\n    echo \"\u53c2\u6570\u5fc5\u987b\u4e3a\u6574\u6570\" >&2\n    exit 1\nfi\n\necho \"\u52a0\u6cd5\uff1a$(( $1 + $2 ))\"\necho \"\u51cf\u6cd5\uff1a$(( $1 - $2 ))\"\necho \"\u4e58\u6cd5\uff1a$(( $1 * $2 ))\"\n[ $2 -eq 0 ] && echo \"\u9664\u6cd5\uff1a\u9664\u6570\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3a0\" || echo \"\u9664\u6cd5\uff1a$(( $1 \/ $2 ))\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      7.2 \u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8fd0\u7ef4\u811a\u672c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      \u9700\u6c42<\/strong>\uff1a\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u5e26\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      #!\/bin\/bash\nfolder=\"backup\"\n[ ! -d \"$folder\" ] && mkdir \"$folder\"  # \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u521b\u5efa\n\ntimestamp=$(date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S)\ntouch \"$folder\/file_$timestamp.txt\"\necho \"\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a$folder\/file_$timestamp.txt\"<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
      \u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0bShell\u7f16\u7a0b\u5165\u95e8\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u5b9e\u8df5\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":268,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[14],"class_list":["post-265","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-linux","tag-linux"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/yunyanglib.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/265","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/yunyanglib.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/yunyanglib.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yunyanglib.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yunyanglib.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=265"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/yunyanglib.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/265\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":269,"href":"https:\/\/yunyanglib.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/265\/revisions\/269"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yunyanglib.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/268"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/yunyanglib.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=265"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yunyanglib.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=265"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yunyanglib.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=265"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}